英単語のスペル 初めて読む単語でも読める人はどうやってるんですか？

英単語のスペル 初めて読む単語でも読める人はどうやってるんですか？

No.7 回答者： 平凡太朗 回答日時： 2020/07/15 00:24

ある程度の法則性はあるが、英語はラテン語、ゲルマン系言語（古代ドイツ語）、ノルマン系言語（古代フランス語）など色々な方面から影響を受けているため、例外が著しく多い。

「英語は三つの言語がコートを羽織って、単一言語の振りをしているだけ」と言われる所以

日本語母語話者でも時には国語辞典で（幾通りも読み方がある）漢字の読みを確認する必要があるのと同じ

例えば以下の「The Chaos（混沌）」と言う名の詞の全ての単語を正しく発音できるのは英語母語話者でも10人に1人いるかどうかと言われている（基本は綴りがほぼ同じなのに、発音が異なる単語の羅列）

Dearest creature in creation,
Study English pronunciation.
I will teach you in my verse
Sounds like corpse, corps, horse, and worse.
I will keep you, Suzy, busy,
Make your head with heat grow dizzy.
Tear in eye, your dress will tear.
So shall I! Oh hear my prayer.
Just compare heart, beard, and heard,
Dies and diet, lord and word,
Sword and sward, retain and Britain.
(Mind the latter, how it’s written.)
Now I surely will not plague you
With such words as plaque and ague.
But be careful how you speak:
Say break and steak, but bleak and streak;
Cloven, oven, how and low,
Script, receipt, show, poem, and toe.
Hear me say, devoid of trickery,
Daughter, laughter, and Terpsichore,
Typhoid, measles, topsails, aisles,
Exiles, similes, and reviles;
Scholar, vicar, and cigar,
Solar, mica, war and far;
One, anemone, Balmoral,
Kitchen, lichen, laundry, laurel;
Gertrude, German, wind and mind,
Scene, Melpomene, mankind.
Billet does not rhyme with ballet,
Bouquet, wallet, mallet, chalet.
Blood and flood are not like food,
Nor is mould like should and would.
Viscous, viscount, load and broad,
Toward, to forward, to reward.
And your pronunciation’s OK
When you correctly say croquet,
Rounded, wounded, grieve and sieve,
Friend and fiend, alive and live.
Ivy, privy, famous; clamour
And enamour rhyme with hammer.
River, rival, tomb, bomb, comb,
Doll and roll and some and home.
Stranger does not rhyme with anger,
Neither does devour with clangour.
Souls but foul, haunt but aunt,
Font, front, wont, want, grand, and grant,
Shoes, goes, does. Now first say finger,
And then singer, ginger, linger,
Real, zeal, mauve, gauze, gouge and gauge,
Marriage, foliage, mirage, and age.
Query does not rhyme with very,
Nor does fury sound like bury.
Dost, lost, post and doth, cloth, loth.
Job, nob, bosom, transom, oath.
Though the differences seem little,
We say actual but victual.
Refer does not rhyme with deafer.
Fe0ffer does, and zephyr, heifer.
Mint, pint, senate and sedate;
Dull, bull, and George ate late.
Scenic, Arabic, Pacific,
Science, conscience, scientific.
Liberty, library, heave and heaven,
Rachel, ache, moustache, eleven.
We say hallowed, but allowed,
People, leopard, towed, but vowed.
Mark the differences, moreover,
Between mover, cover, clover;
Leeches, breeches, wise, precise,
Chalice, but police and lice;
Camel, constable, unstable,
Principle, disciple, label.
Petal, panel, and canal,
Wait, surprise, plait, promise, pal.
Worm and storm, chaise, chaos, chair,
Senator, spectator, mayor.
Tour, but our and succour, four.
Gas, alas, and Arkansas.
Sea, idea, Korea, area,
Psalm, Maria, but malaria.
Youth, south, southern, cleanse and clean.
Doctrine, turpentine, marine.
Compare alien with Italian,
Dandelion and battalion.
Sally with ally, yea, ye,
Eye, I, ay, aye, whey, and key.
Say aver, but ever, fever,
Neither, leisure, skein, deceiver.
Heron, granary, canary.
Crevice and device and aerie.
Face, but preface, not efface.
Phlegm, phlegmatic, ass, glass, bass.
Large, but target, gin, give, verging,
Ought, out, joust and scour, scourging.
Ear, but earn and wear and tear
Do not rhyme with here but ere.
Seven is right, but so is even,
Hyphen, roughen, nephew Stephen,
Monkey, donkey, Turk and jerk,
Ask, grasp, wasp, and cork and work.
Pronunciation (think of Psyche!)
Is a paling stout and spikey?
Won’t it make you lose your wits,
Writing groats and saying grits?
It’s a dark abyss or tunnel:
Strewn with stones, stowed, solace, gunwale,
Islington and Isle of Wight,
Housewife, verdict and indict.
Finally, which rhymes with enough,
Though, through, plough, or dough, or cough?
Hiccough has the sound of cup.
My advice is to give up!!!

No.6 回答者： tent-m28 回答日時： 2020/07/09 20:10

基本的には、ローマ字に近い読み方です。

あとはローマ字読みとのちがいを把握すれば、たいてい読めます。（知らないと読めないこともある）

例えば、「 i 」はローマ字では「イ」ですが、英語では「イ」も「アイ」もあります。
最後の「 e 」は発音しないことが多いです。
まだまだあります。

No.5 回答者： Tacosan 回答日時： 2020/07/09 18:54

いくら英語でも「スペルと発音」はまったくぐっちゃぐちゃではなくある程度傾向があるので, それなりには読める.

どうにもならないこともあるけど.

No.4 回答者： nina.aaaaa 回答日時： 2020/07/09 18:48

単語を沢山勉強するとなんとなくこう読むってわかるようになります！

あとは勘です（笑）

No.3 回答者： ask001 回答日時： 2020/07/09 18:43

フィーリングです。

いっぱい覚えると途中からなんとなく、あれ？分かる？ってやつです。

No.2 回答者： 難燃性燐寸 回答日時： 2020/07/09 18:39

完全ではないですが法則性があるので、慣れると何となく読めます

大学受験向けの予備校だと、テクニックとして教えるところもありますよ

No.1 回答者： suzuko 回答日時： 2020/07/09 18:37

辞書を引けば、発音記号が載っています。